34A. General rule
Enter a name containing a surname or consisting
of a surname under the surname unless the name is to be entered under
a title of nobility (see rule
35).
34B. Part
of the name treated as a surname
If the name does not contain a surname but
contains an element that identifies the person and functions as a
surname, enter under that element.
34C. Compound surnames
34C1. Preliminary rule.
Apply the following subrules to names that
contain, or appear to contain, compound surnames (those consisting of
two or more proper names). Apply the subrules in the order in which
they appear.
34C2. Hyphenated surnames.
If the parts of the compound surname are usually
or sometimes hyphenated, enter under the first element of the compound
surname.
34C3. Unhyphenated surnames. Some married
women.
Apply this rule to the names of married women
with unhyphenated surnames consisting of the surname before marriage
and the husband's surname.
Enter under the first element of the surname if
the woman’s language is Czech, French, Hungarian, Italian, or
Spanish.
Enter under the husband’s surname if the woman's
language is other than those listed above.
34C4. Unhyphenated surnames. Others.
Enter under the first element of the compound
surname unless the person's language is Portuguese.
34C5. Nature of surname uncertain.
If the name appears to contain a compound
surname but you are not sure:
- enter under the last part of the name if the person's language is English or one of the Scandinavian languages
- enter under the first part of the apparent
compound surname if the person's language is neither English nor one
of the Scandinavian languages.
34D.
Surnames with separately written prefixes
34D1. Articles and prepositions.
If the surname includes an article (for example,
le
) or preposition (for example, van
) or a
combination of the two (for example, de la,
della
),
enter under the part of the surname that is most commonly used as the
entry element in listings in the person's language or country of
residence. See the list of languages and language groups below. For
languages not included in this list, see the full
AACR2.
If a person has used two or more languages,
enter the name according to (in order of perference):
- the rule for the language of most of his or her works
- the rule for English (if English is one of the languages)
- the rule for the language of the country of his or her residence
- the rule for the language of the name.
Languages and language groups
- ENGLISH
- Enter under the prefix.
- FRENCH
- If the prefix consists of an article (for
example,
le
) or of a contraction of an article and a
preposition (for example, du
), enter under the prefix.
Otherwise enter under the part of the name following the
preposition.
-
GERMAN.
- If the prefix consists of an article or of a contraction of an article and
a preposition (for example,
Vom
), enter under the prefix.
Otherwise, enter under the part of the name following the prefix.
- ITALIAN.
- Enter a modern name under the prefix.
For mediaeval and early modern names, see the full AACR2.
- SPANISH.
- If the prefix consists of an article only, enter under it.
Enter all other names under the part following the prefix.
34D2.
If the prefix is not an article, or preposition,
or a combination of the two, enter under the prefix.
